[Resource Topic] 2025/2074: VIA: Communication-Efficient Single-Server Private Information Retrieval

Welcome to the resource topic for 2025/2074

Title:
VIA: Communication-Efficient Single-Server Private Information Retrieval

Authors: Chenyang Liu, Xukun Wang, Zhifang Zhang

Abstract:

Private Information Retrieval (PIR) is a crucial component in many privacy-preserving systems, with Offline/Online PIR attracting significant attention. Recent works have focused on eliminating offline communication overhead. However, existing constructions incur high online communication costs as a trade-off. To address this, we propose VIA, a single-server PIR scheme that eliminates offline communication while achieving O{_\lambda}(\log N) online communication complexity. Experimental evaluations demonstrate that for a 32 GB database, VIA requires only 690 KB of online communication—a 3.7\times reduction compared to state-of-the-art schemes without offline communication—while attaining a throughput of 3.11 GB/s. Furthermore, we introduce VIA-C, a variant of VIA that allows offline communication. Compared to previous communication-efficient schemes, VIA-C achieves a 24.5\times reduction in online communication, requiring only 2.1 KB for a 32 GB database (with 14.8 MB offline communication). Moreover, VIA-C can naturally extend to VIA-B that supports batch queries. Compared to previous communication-efficient batch PIR schemes, VIA-B achieves a 3.5\times reduction in query size and a 127\times reduction in response size for a 1 GB database of 1-byte records. The designs of our schemes rely on a novel DMux-CMux structure and LWE-to-RLWE conversion techniques.

ePrint: https://eprint.iacr.org/2025/2074

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