[Resource Topic] 2025/1141: LZKSA: Lattice-Based Special Zero-Knowledge Proofs for Secure Aggregation's Input Verification

Welcome to the resource topic for 2025/1141

Title:
LZKSA: Lattice-Based Special Zero-Knowledge Proofs for Secure Aggregation’s Input Verification

Authors: Zhi Lu, Songfeng Lu

Abstract:

In many fields, the need to securely collect and aggregate data from distributed systems is growing. However, designs that rely solely on encrypted data transmission make it difficult to trace malicious users. To address this challenge, we have enhanced the secure aggregation (SA) protocol proposed by Bell et al. (CCS 2020) by introducing verification features that ensure compliance with user inputs and encryption processes while preserving data privacy. We present LZKSA, a quantum-safe secure aggregation system with input verification. LZKSA employs seven zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) protocols based on the Ring Learning with Errors problem, specifically designed for secure aggregation. These protocols verify whether users have correctly used SA keys and their L_{\infty}, L_2 norms and cosine similarity of data, meet specified constraints, to exclude malicious users from current and future aggregation processes. The specialized ZKPs we propose significantly enhance proof efficiency. In practical federated learning scenarios, our experimental evaluations demonstrate that the proof generation time for L_{\infty} and L_2 constraints is reduced to about 10^{-3} of that required by the current state-of-the-art method, RoFL (S&P 2023), and ACORN (USENIX 2023). For example, the proof generation/verification time of RoFL, ACORN and LZKSA for L_{\infty} is 94s/29.9s, 78.7s/33.9s, and 0.02s/0.0062s for CIFAR10, respectively.

ePrint: https://eprint.iacr.org/2025/1141

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