[Resource Topic] 2025/1077: Shorter VOLE-in-the-Head-based Signatures from Vector Semi-Commitment

Welcome to the resource topic for 2025/1077

Title:
Shorter VOLE-in-the-Head-based Signatures from Vector Semi-Commitment

Authors: Seongkwang Kim, Byeonghak Lee, Mincheol Son

Abstract:

The VOLE-in-the-Head (VOLEitH) paradigm transforms VOLE-based zero-knowledge proofs into post-quantum signature schemes by allowing public verification. We introduce reduced VOLE-in-the-Head (rVOLEitH), which incorporates the Vector Semi-Commitment (VSC) technique. VSC, originally developed for MPC-in-the-Head (MPCitH) schemes, reduces commitment size while maintaining security by relaxing the binding property. We adapt the ideal cipher version of VSC (IC-VSC) into the VOLEitH framework, leading to a reduction in signature size. Our security analysis proves that rVOLEitH achieves existential unforgeability under chosen-message attacks (EUF-CMA) in the ideal cipher model. Compared to existing VOLEitH-based signatures, our approach reduces signature size by up to 6.0% while improving computational efficiency.

Furthermore, we analyze the impact of eliminating individual seed commitments and demonstrate a practical attack against a recently proposed VOLEitH variant that lacks such commitments. Our results establish rVOLEitH as an optimized and secure alternative for post-quantum signatures, improving both efficiency and security in the VOLEitH paradigm.

ePrint: https://eprint.iacr.org/2025/1077

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