[Resource Topic] 2024/1210: More Optimizations to Sum-Check Proving

Welcome to the resource topic for 2024/1210

Title:
More Optimizations to Sum-Check Proving

Authors: Quang Dao, Justin Thaler

Abstract:

Many fast SNARKs apply the sum-check protocol to an n-variate polynomial of the form g(x) = \text{eq}(w,x) \cdot p(x), where p is a product of multilinear polynomials, w \in \mathbb{F}^n is a random vector, and \text{eq} is the multilinear extension of the equality function.

In this setting, we describe an optimization to the sum-check prover that substantially reduces the cost coming from the \text{eq}(w, x) factor. Our work further improves on a prior optimization by Gruen (ePrint 2023), and in the small-field case, can be combined with additional optimizations by Bagad, Domb, and Thaler (ePrint 2024), and Dao and Thaler (ePrint 2024).

Over large prime-order fields, our optimization eliminates roughly 2^{n + 1} field multiplications compared to a standard linear-time implementation of the prover, and roughly 2^{n-1} field multiplications when considered on top of Gruen’s optimization. These savings are about a 25% (respectively 10%) end-to-end prover speedup in common use cases, and potentially even larger when working over binary tower fields.

ePrint: https://eprint.iacr.org/2024/1210

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