Welcome to the resource topic for 2023/1702
Title:
On Quantum Simulation-Soundness
Authors: Behzad Abdolmaleki, Céline Chevalier, Ehsan Ebrahimi, Giulio Malavolta, Quoc-Huy Vu
Abstract:Non-interactive zero-knowledge (NIZK) proof systems are a cornerstone of modern cryptography, but their security has received little attention in the quantum settings. Motivated by improving our understanding of this fundamental primitive against quantum adversaries, we propose a new definition of security against quantum adversary. Specifically, we define the notion of quantum simulation soundness
(SS-NIZK), that allows the adversary to access the simulator in superposition. We show a separation between post-quantum and quantum security of SS-NIZK, and prove that both Sahai’s construction for SS-NIZK (in the CRS model) and the Fiat-Shamir transformation (in the QROM) can be made quantumly-simulation-sound. As an immediate application of our new notion, we prove the security of the Naor-Yung paradigm in the quantum settings, with respect to a strong quantum IND-CCA security notion. This provides the quantum analogue of the classical dual key approach to
prove the security of encryption schemes. Along the way, we introduce a new notion of quantum-query advantage functions, which may be used as a general framework to show classical/quantum separation for other cryptographic primitives, and it may be of independent interest.
ePrint: https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1702
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