[Resource Topic] 2022/1649: Robustness of Affine and Extended Affine Equivalent Surjective S-Box(es) against Differential Cryptanalysis

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Title:
Robustness of Affine and Extended Affine Equivalent Surjective S-Box(es) against Differential Cryptanalysis

Authors: Shah Fahd

Abstract:

A Feistel Network (FN) based block cipher relies on a Substitution Box (S-Box) for achieving the non-linearity. S-Box is carefully designed to achieve optimal cryptographic security bounds. The research of the last three decades shows that considerable efforts are being made on the mathematical design of an S-Box. To import the exact cryptographic profile of an S-Box, the designer focuses on the Affine Equivalent (AE) or Extended Affine (EA) equivalent S-Box. In this research, we argue that the Robustness of surjective mappings is invariant under AE and not invariant under EA transformation. It is proved that the EA equivalent of a surjective mapping does not necessarily contribute to the Robustness against the Differential Cryptanalysis (DC) in the light of Seberry’s criteria. The generated EA equivalent S-Box(es) of DES and other 6 \times 4 mappings do not show a good robustness profile compared to the original mappings. This article concludes that a careful selection of affine permutation parameters is significant during the design phase to achieve high Robustness against DC and Differential Power Analysis (DPA) attacks.

ePrint: https://eprint.iacr.org/2022/1649

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