[Resource Topic] 2020/315: plookup: A simplified polynomial protocol for lookup tables

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Title:
plookup: A simplified polynomial protocol for lookup tables

Authors: Ariel Gabizon, Zachary J. Williamson

Abstract:

We present a protocol for checking the values of a committed polynomial f\in \mathbb{F}_{<n}[X] over a multiplicative subgroup H\subset \mathbb{F} of size n, are contained in the values of a table t\in \mathbb{F}^d. Our protocol can be viewed as a simplification of one from Bootle et. al [BCGJM, ASIACRYPT 2018] for a similar problem, with potential efficiency improvements when d\leq n. In particular, [BCGJM]‘s protocol requires comitting to several auxiliary polynomials of degree d\cdot \log n, whereas ours requires three commitments to auxiliary polynomials of degree n, which can be much smaller in the case d\sim n. One common use case of this primitive in the zk-SNARK setting is a ``batched range proof’', where one wishes to check all of f's values on H are in a range [0,\ldots,M]. We present a slightly optimized protocol for this special case, and pose improving it as an open problem.

ePrint: https://eprint.iacr.org/2020/315

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