Welcome to the resource topic for 2020/221
Title:
Multiparty Reusable Non-Interactive Secure Computation
Authors: Fabrice Benhamouda, Huijia Lin
Abstract:Reducing interaction in Multiparty Computation (MPC) is a highly desirable goal in cryptography. It is known that 2-round MPC can be based on the minimal assumption of 2-round Oblivious Transfer (OT) [Benhamouda and Lin, Garg and Srinivasan, EC 2018], and 1-round MPC is impossible in general. In this work, we propose a natural hybrid'' model, called \textbf{multiparty reusable Non-Interactive Secure Computation Market (mrNISC)}. In this model, parties publish encodings of their private inputs $x_i$ at the beginning, once and for all. Later, any subset $I$ of them can compute \emph{on-the-fly} a function $f$ on their inputs $\vec x_I = {\{x_i\}}_{i \in I}$ by just sending a single message to a stateless evaluator, conveying the result $f(\vec x_I)$ and nothing else. Importantly, the input encodings can be \emph{reused} in any number of on-the-fly computations, and the same classical simulation security guaranteed by multi-round MPC, is achieved. In short, mrNISC has minimal yet tractable’’ interaction pattern. We initiate the study of mrNISC on several fronts. First, we formalize the security of mrNISC protocols in both a UC definition and a game-based definition. Second, we construct mrNISC protocols in the plain model with semi-honest and semi-malicious security based on bilinear groups. Third, we demonstrate the power of mrNISC by showing two applications: non-interactive MPC (NIMPC) with reusable setup and a distributed version of program obfuscation. In addition, at the core of our construction of mrNISC is a witness encryption scheme for a special language that verifies Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge (NIZK) proofs of the validity of computations over committed values, which we believe is of independent interest.
ePrint: https://eprint.iacr.org/2020/221
Talk: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkkX3KyfwZg
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