[Resource Topic] 2017/602: A multi-party protocol for constructing the public parameters of the Pinocchio zk-SNARK

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Title:
A multi-party protocol for constructing the public parameters of the Pinocchio zk-SNARK

Authors: Sean Bowe, Ariel Gabizon, Matthew D. Green

Abstract:

Recent efficient constructions of zero-knowledge Succinct Non-interactive Arguments of Knowledge (zk-SNARKs), require a setup phase in which a common-reference string (CRS) with a certain structure is generated. This CRS is sometimes referred to as the public parameters of the system, and is used for constructing and verifying proofs. A drawback of these constructions is that whomever runs the setup phase subsequently possesses trapdoor information enabling them to produce fraudulent pseudoproofs. Building on a work of Ben-Sasson, Chiesa, Green, Tromer and Virza [BCGTV15], we construct a multi-party protocol for generating the CRS of the Pinocchio zk-SNARK [PHGR16], such that as long as at least one participating party is not malicious, no party can later construct fraudulent proofs except with negligible probability. The protocol also provides a strong zero-knowledge guarantee even in the case that all participants are malicious. This method has been used in practice to generate the required CRS for the Zcash cryptocurrency blockchain.

ePrint: https://eprint.iacr.org/2017/602

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