[Resource Topic] 2016/894: Indifferentiability of 3-Round Even-Mansour with Random Oracle Key Derivation

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Title:
Indifferentiability of 3-Round Even-Mansour with Random Oracle Key Derivation

Authors: Chun Guo, Dongdai Lin

Abstract:

We revisit the Even-Mansour (EM) scheme with random oracle key derivation previously considered by Andreeva et al. (CRYPTO 2013). For this scheme, Andreeva et al. provided an indifferentiability (from an ideal (k,n)-cipher) proof for 5 rounds while they exhibited an attack for 2 rounds. Left open is the (in)differentiability of 3 and 4 rounds. We present a proof for the indifferentiability of 3 rounds and thus closing the aforementioned gap. This also separates EM ciphers with non-invertible key derivations from those with invertible ones in the full indifferentiability setting. Prior work only established such a separation in the weaker sequential-indifferentiability setting (ours, DCC, 2015). Our results also imply 3-round EM indifferentiable under multiple random known-keys, partially settling a problem left by Cogliati and Seurin (FSE 2016). The key point for our indifferentiability simulator is to pre-emptively obtain some chains of ideal-cipher-queries to simulate the structures due to the related-key boomerang property in the 3-round case. The length of such chains have to be as large as the number of queries issued by the distinguisher. Thus the situation somehow resembles the context of hash-of-hash H^2 considered by Dodis et al. (CRYPTO 2012). Besides, a technical novelty of our proof is the absence of the so-called distinguisher that completes all chains.

ePrint: https://eprint.iacr.org/2016/894

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