[Resource Topic] 2015/1075: Cybersecurity in an era with quantum computers: will we be ready?

Welcome to the resource topic for 2015/1075

Title:
Cybersecurity in an era with quantum computers: will we be ready?

Authors: Michele Mosca

Abstract:

Quantum computers will break currently deployed public-key cryptography, and significantly weaken symmetric key cryptography, which are pillars of modern-day cybersecurity. Thus, before large-scale quantum computers are built, we need to migrate our systems and practices to ones that cannot be broken by quantum computers. For systems that aim to provide long-term confidentiality, this migration should happen even sooner. There are viable options for quantum-proofing our cryptographic infrastructure, but the road ahead is neither easy nor fast. Impressive progress in developing the building blocks of a fault-tolerant scalable quantum computer indicates that the prospect of a large-scale quantum computer is a medium-term threat. For example, I estimate a 1/2 chance of breaking RSA-2048 by 2031. In this note, I briefly overview the problem, the solutions and some of the next steps.

ePrint: https://eprint.iacr.org/2015/1075

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