[Resource Topic] 2013/646: Direct Chosen-Ciphertext Secure Attribute-Based Key Encapsulations without Random Oracles

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Title:
Direct Chosen-Ciphertext Secure Attribute-Based Key Encapsulations without Random Oracles

Authors: Johannes Blömer, Gennadij Liske

Abstract:

We present a new technique to realize attribute-based encryption (ABE) schemes secure in the standard model against chosen-ciphertext attacks (CCA-secure). Our approach is to extend certain concrete chosen-plaintext secure (CPA-secure) ABE schemes to achieve more efficient constructions than the known generic constructions of CCA-secure ABE schemes. We restrict ourselves to the construction of attribute-based key encapsulation mechanisms (KEMs) and present two concrete CCA-secure schemes: a key-policy attribute-based KEM that is based on Goyal’s key-policy ABE and a ciphertext-policy attribute-based KEM that is based on Waters’ ciphertext-policy ABE. To achieve our goals, we use an appropriate hash function and need to extend the public parameters and the ciphertexts of the underlying CPA-secure encryption schemes only by a single group element. Moreover, we use the same hardness assumptions as the underlying CPA-secure encryption schemes.

ePrint: https://eprint.iacr.org/2013/646

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